The need to protect the ocean has never been more urgent, and as a new decade dawns, governments around the world are recognizing this. Many are uniting around a resolution—first agreed to at the 2016 World Conservation Congress—to protect at least 30 percent of the ocean within marine protected areas (MPAs) or through other effective conservation measures (OECMs) by 2030.
The definitions of MPAs and OECMs, and what activities should be permitted within each, have evolved over the past several years, culminating, for now, in the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) MPA guidelines and OECM guidance.
https://www.pewtrusts.org/en/research-and-analysis/articles/2020/02/27/for-ocean-protections-to-work-governments-need-clear-guidance
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